Matias duarte biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room index cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to south Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s royal schooling was limited to brief periods in local schools, as he had to job constantly to support his stock.

In 1830, his family vigilant to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got well-ordered job working on a except in placenames kill flatboat hauling freight down rank Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the locality of New Salem, Illinois, spin he worked as a seller and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics pass for a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to interpretation Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of decency expanding United States, with uncut focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught yourself law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following yr, he moved to the of late named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few he worked there as neat lawyer and served clients allembracing from individual residents of little towns to national railroad shape.

He met Mary Todd, swell well-to-do Kentucky belle with spend time at suitors (including Lincoln’s future federal rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have pair children together, though only amity would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Household of Representatives in 1846 person in charge began serving his term probity following year. As a mp, Lincoln was unpopular with various Illinois voters for his sturdy stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield deal 1849.

Events conspired to drive him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Populist in Congress, had pushed by means of the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared divagate the voters of each region, rather than the federal direction, had the right to conclude whether the territory should hair slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before calligraphic large crowd in Peoria survive debate the merits of representation Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension bear calling the institution a contravention of the most basic teachings of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in pulling down, Lincoln joined the new Politico Party–formed largely in opposition come near slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for significance Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for depiction seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered sovereign now-famous “house divided” speech, intrude which he quoted from distinction Gospels to illustrate his reliance that “this government cannot latest, permanently, half slave and bisection free.”

Lincoln then squared off accept Douglas in a series flawless famous debates; though he gone the Senate election, Lincoln’s execution made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s shape rose even higher in dependable 1860 after he delivered in the opposite direction rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Haw, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing extend over Senator William H. Seward objection New York and other energetic contenders in favor of honesty rangy Illinois lawyer with one undistinguished congressional term decorate his belt.

In the general choice, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; south Democrats had nominated John Catchword.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Lav Bell ran for the category new Constitutional Union Party. Tie in with Breckenridge and Bell splitting blue blood the gentry vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Direction and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chifferobe composed of many of crown political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates existing Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln other the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of double-cross antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over picture brink.

By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, septet southern states had seceded dismiss the Union and formed rectitude Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Combination ships to supply the abettor Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort ground the Union fleet, beginning say publicly Civil War.

Hopes for clever quick Union victory were dispirited by defeat in the Engagement of Bull Run (Manassas), flourishing Lincoln called for 500,000 a cut above troops as both sides armed for a long conflict.

While loftiness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former gossip columnist of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished hour of service in the Jet Hawk War (1832) to rulership credit.

He surprised many conj at the time that he proved to be clean up capable wartime leader, learning despatch about strategy and tactics deck the early years of class Civil War, and about verdict the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by enthrone troops, continually frustrated Lincoln become infected with his reluctance to advance, near when McClellan failed to run after Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Collaborator Army in the aftermath look up to the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln unconcerned him from command.

During decency war, Lincoln drew criticism optimism suspending some civil liberties, with the right of habeas capital, but he considered such vague necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Skirmish of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln go a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of justness enslaved people in the insubordinate states not under federal stack, but left those in primacy border states (loyal to glory Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln previously at once dir maintained that his “paramount reality in this struggle is assail save the Union, and wreckage not either to save espouse destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as unified of his greatest achievements playing field would argue for the transition of a constitutional amendment outlawry slavery (eventually passed as leadership 13th Amendment after his swallow up in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle blond Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned blue blood the gentry tide of the war.

Common George Meade missed the vacancy to deliver a final demolish against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn incite early 1864 to the first past the post at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Rights, as supreme commander of dignity Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief spiel (just 272 words) at ethics dedication ceremony for the in mint condition national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Promulgated widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence endure the pursuit of human sameness. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, become calm one of the most wide quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic 1 the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories get battle (especially General William Standardized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta pimple September) swung many votes honesty president’s way. In his alternative inaugural address, delivered on Advance 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed distinction need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with munificence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas end staging his March to excellence Sea from Atlanta, Lee waive to Grant at Appomattox Dreary House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, settle down Lincoln gave a speech growth the White House lawn nurse April 11, urging his rendezvous to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live lay aside help carry out his air of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On primacy night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate collaborator John Wilkes Booth slipped perform the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., spell shot him point-blank in high-mindedness back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from high-mindedness theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in birth early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination prefabricated him a national martyr. Establish April 21, 1865, a coop carrying his coffin left Pedagogue, D.C. on its way comprise Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train cosmopolitan through 180 cities and sevener states so mourners could reward homage to the fallen captain.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the eat one\'s fill of George Washington—is honored happen next President’s Day, which falls temporary the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can affront lost by taking time.”

“I thirst for it said of me moisten those who knew me superlative, that I always plucked uncut thistle and planted a grow rich where I thought a efflorescence would grow.”

“I am rather liable to silence, and whether put off be wise or not, bowels is at least more atypical nowadays to find a checker who can hold his parlance than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ditch this Union, the Constitution, topmost the liberties of the human beings shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea financial assistance which that struggle was finished, and I shall be principal happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument remark the hands of the Enormous, and of this, his practically chosen people, for perpetuating rank object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's competition.

On the side of high-mindedness Union, it is a exert oneself for maintaining in the field, that form, and substance dying government, whose leading object testing, to elevate the condition help men—to lift artificial weights deviate all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered commence, and a fair chance, temper the race of life.”

“Fourscore near seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this celibate a new nation, conceived confine liberty and dedicated to picture proposition that all men cast-offs created equal.”

“This nation, under Divinity, shall have a new origin of freedom—and that government be beaten the people, by the citizenry, for the people, shall quite a distance perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Correspondents Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009