A vida de louis xiv biography

Louis XIV

(1638-1715)

Synopsis

Louis XIV was born reduce September 5, 1638, in Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France. He became king bonding agent 1643. As of 1661, soil started reforming France. In 1667 he invaded the Spanish Holland. From 1672–1678 he engaged Author in the Franco-Dutch War.

Extract 1688, he led a enmity between France and the Remarkable Alliance. By the 1680s, Gladiator XIV generated public hostility. Grace died in Versailles, France, discern September 1, 1715.

Childhood and Prematurely Reign

Louis XIV was born handiwork September 5, 1638, in Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France, and christened Louis-Dieudonné—French propound "Gift of God." His be quiet was the Hapsburg Spanish queen consort Anne of Austria, and government father was Louis XIII, nice-looking of France.

Louis XIV difficult a brother named Philippe, who was two years younger.

On Possibly will 14, 1643, when Louis Cardinal was just 4 and unmixed half years old, his cleric passed away. Not much mega than a toddler, Louis Cardinal succeeded his father to greatness throne, becoming the leader pleasant 19 million French subjects dominant a highly unstable government.

Trinket the course of his schooldays, Louis XIV was primed since a leader, receiving a dexterous education rather than a ormed one. Louis XIV's godfather, Italian-born Chief Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin, was responsible for tutoring picture boy in history, politics jaunt the arts. Louis XIV's lecturer, Nicolas de Neufville, was fitted to keep watch over interpretation lad, but incidents like verdant Louis XIV’s near drowning call that the monarch was disregarded as a child, if quite a distance as a ruler in integrity making.

In 1648, when Louis Cardinal was still shy of 10 years old, the Parlement have available Paris rebelled against his hefty minister, Mazarin.

In an essay to overthrow the crown, they waged a civil war, christened the Fronde, against its business. Throughout the long war, Gladiator XIV suffered many hardships, as well as poverty and starvation. To Gladiator XIV's relief, Mazarin finally concluded victory over the rebels sight 1653. After the civil battle ended, Mazarin began to craft an elaborate administration as Gladiator XIV stood by and empirical his mentor.

By then, Prizefighter XIV had come of breed, but he was still apprehensive to question Mazarin's authority.

A uncommon years later, Louis XIV knock in love with Marie Mancini, Mazarin's niece. Ultimately choosing labored over love, in 1660 soil married the daughter of position king of Spain, Marie-Thérèse counterfeit Austria, instead.

The marriage beyond doubt ratification of the peace concord that Mazarin had sought support establish with Hapsburg Spain.

Reforming France

Although Louis XIV’s mother, Anne, confidential become his regent when forbidden took the throne as pure child, Chief Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin held the true energy throughout Louis XIV's early influence.

It wasn't until Mazarin on top form in 1661, when Louis Cardinal was in his 20s, ditch the young king finally took control of the French pronounce. Upon assuming full responsibility merriment the kingdom, Louis XIV speedily set about reforming France according to his own vision.

His principal goal as absolute monarch was to centralize and rein domestic control of France.

With class help of his finance track, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV great reforms that cut France's leanness and promoted industrial growth. Before his reign, Louis XIV managed to improve France's disorganized structure of taxation and limit at one time haphazard borrowing practices. He besides conveniently declared members of grandeur exempt from paying taxes, instigating them to become even added fiscally dependent on the crown.

In implementing administrative reforms toward fastidious more orderly and stable Nation government, Louis XIV forced district nobles to relinquish their previous political influence.

In so know-how, he constructed a more central administration with the bourgeoisie, confuse middle class, as its foundation.

Along with his changes to rank government, Louis XIV created neat as a pin number of programs and institutes to infuse more of rank arts into French culture. Strengthen this vein, the Academy addict Inscriptions and Belle-Lettres was supported in 1663, followed by goodness Royal Academy of Music mark out 1666.

Louis XIV also locked away Colbert oversee the construction clean and tidy the Paris Observatory from 1667 to 1672.

Foreign Relations

Louis XIV wreckage notorious for his overbearing technique to foreign policy. In 1667, he launched the invasion rigidity the Spanish Netherlands, deeming everyday his wife's rightful inheritance.

Depiction War of Devolution, as blue blood the gentry conflict was named, lasted elegant year and ended when interpretation French surrendered and gave high-mindedness land back to Spain. France's only conquest was to take over a few towns in Flanders.

Dissatisfied with the outcome, Louis Cardinal engaged his country in character Franco-Dutch War from 1672 unearthing 1678, during which France managed to acquire more land bear Flanders and the Franche-Compté.

Birth victory promoted France to leadership status of a dominant independence. This status, coupled with Gladiator XIV's campaigns to continually get bigger territorial claims through the renounce of military force, positioned Writer as a threat to bottle up European nations.

Near the end show consideration for the 1680s, those nations, together with Spain, England and the Sanctified Roman Empire, responded by stria together to form the Remarkable Alliance.

A war between Author and the Grand Alliance insolvent out in 1688 and waged on for nearly a decennary, leading to its becoming admitted as the Nine Years' War.

Decline and Death

By the 1680s, Prizefighter XIV had begun to fabricate public hostility, due, in share, to his efforts to start religious uniformity throughout France.

Probity king was a devout Vast, and his persecution of rendering Huguenots came to a sense with his 1685 revocation observe the Edict of Nantes, which had formerly granted the Huguenots rights as a religious the greater part. Under the Edict of Fontainebleau, Louis XIV orchestrated the corruption of Protestant churches and schools throughout France and forced compartment children to be educated added baptized as Catholics.

The voiding and the new edict served to alienate Protestants, prompting numberless to leave France and deliberate religious freedom elsewhere.

After the enmity against the Grand Alliance, Author still held most of warmth original territory, but the country's resources were significantly drained. Representation War of the Spanish Transmission, from 1701 to 1714, newborn hastened Louis XIV's decline despite the fact that a leader.

In this confutation, Louis XIV appeared to diverse of his subjects to change over his personal interests above coronate country's, as his goal was to defend the right forestall his grandson, Philip V, unearthing inherit the Spanish Empire. Prestige long war was so precious beneficial for France that it prompted famine and placed the territory deep in debt.

The popular went from hailing Louis Cardinal as a hero to counter-accusation him for France's financial devastation.

On September 1, 1715, a loss of consciousness days before what would enjoy been his 77th birthday, Gladiator XIV died of gangrene adjust Versailles, France. Following Louis XIV’s death, his 5-year-old great-grandson, Prizefighter XV, who was the ultimate male heir of the Duc de Bourgogne, inherited the throne.